Princess naming
The original A125 Austin Sheerline introduced in 1947 was assembled by Austin at their Longbridge factory. In addition to this, Vanden Plas in their North London works bodied a model based on the Sheerline which was sold as the Austin Princess. However, from August 1957 the "Austin" part of the badging was dropped, so although Austin was producing a Princess, it was no longer the Austin Princess by name. From May 1960 the Vanden Plas marque was applied in front of "Princess". Later, the Vanden Plas Princess was revived as a single model of the Leyland Princess range, built by British Leyland (BL) in the 1970s and initially sold through Austin and other dealerships; this car was never actually badged Austin Princess in the UK (though it was in some export markets) and is commonly referred to as simply the Princess.
Austin A135 - Sheerline-based Austin Princess
Austin A135 Princess Mark I, II & III
Manufacturer
Austin/BMC
Production
1947-1956
1910 made
Engine(s)
3995 cc 6 cylinder overhead-valve
Wheelbase
132 in (3,353 mm)(long wheel base)
Length
215 in (5,461 mm)(long wheel base)
Width
74 in (1,880 mm)
Height
70 in (1,778 mm)
The first Austin Princess was launched in 1947 as the most expensive flagship model in the Austin range. Based on the Austin Sheerline, the Princess (model code A135) featured a body by the coachbuilder Vanden Plas and was a fairly large saloon or limousine. Not a popular model with the general public, most Princesses (and Sheerlines, for that matter) were bought for civic ceremonial duties or by hire companies as limousines for hire.
The Princess model was updated over the years through Mark I, Mark II and Mark III versions, the variations being fairly minor: the bodywork didn't change much, nor did the 4-litre straight-6 engine. The radiator was fairly upright in old-fashioned style and the car had separate front wings.
During the life of this model (in 1952), Austin became part of the British Motor Corporation (BMC).
A long wheelbase version tested by The Motor magazine in 1953 had a top speed of 79 mph (127 km/h) and could accelerate from 0-60 mph (97 km/h) in 23.3 seconds. A fuel consumption of 15.1 miles per imperial gallon (18.7 L/100 km; 12.6 mpg-US) was recorded. The test car cost 2480 including taxes.
Austin A135
Princess conversion
Princess IV no longer badged as an Austin
Princess Mark IV
Production
1956-1968
200 made
Engine(s)
3995 cc 6 cylinder overhead-valve
Wheelbase
132 in (3,353 mm)(long wheel base)
Length
215 in (5,461 mm)(long wheel base)
Width
73 in (1,854 mm)
Height
70 in (1,778 mm)
1956 saw a new Princess Mk IV. This more modern styled car had more "integrated" front wings in the modern style, but was little changed under the skin. This model lasted until 1959; though subsequently the large, specialised limousine version continued to be built by hand in limited numbers as the Vanden Plas 4-Litre Princess Limousine, surviving until 1968. After this time, with many British marques by then being part of British Leyland, the Jaguar-based Daimler DS420 was the sole limousine offered as part of the new, slightly rationalised range. This had been foreseen in 1966 when British Motor Holdings (BMH) had brought BMC and Jaguar together, and stopped development at Vanden Plas of the potential successor car. The limousine was luxuriously appointed with lots of polished wood, optional Mohair rugs and radio with controls in the armrest. Among the long list of available extras were monograms and a flagstaff. The driving compartment was separated from the rear of the car by a division with an optional telephone for the passengers to communicate with the driver. The driving seat was finished in leather but the rear seats were trimmed in cloth, the usual arrangement on many luxury cars of the time. To increase seating capacity two occasional seats could be folded out of the floor.
The car had independent coil suspension at the front with semi elliptic leaf springs and anti roll bar at the rear. The cam and peg type steering gear had optional power assistance.
An automatic Limousine was tested by the British magazine The Motor in 1962 and had a top speed of 86.2 mph (138.7 km/h) and could accelerate from 0-60 mph (97 km/h) in 23.5 seconds. A fuel consumption of 15.8 miles per imperial gallon (17.9 L/100 km; 13.2 mpg-US) was recorded. The test car cost 3473 including taxes.
Pininfarina-designed Vanden Plas Princesses
Vanden Plas Princess
1965 Vanden Plas Princess.
Production
1959-1964
12,703 made
Body style(s)
4-door saloon
Engine(s)
2.9 L C-Series I6
Wheelbase
84 in (2134 mm)1959 - 1961
86 in (2184 mm) 1961 - 1964
Length
187.75 in (4769 mm)
Width
68.5 in (1740 mm)
Height
59 in (1499 mm)
In 1959 a new Austin A99 Westminster-based Princess was launched. These vehicles were soon changed to bear the Vanden Plas name which became a badge-engineered marque in its own right (rather than being known as coachbuilder for the cars of other marques). The car was smaller than the previous Princess and was largely identical to the Austin A99 Westminster and other models using the same Pininfarina-designed bodyshell. It featured a Vanden Plas grille (fairly square, with a thick surround and vertical slats), round headlamps, and horn grilles on the front. The interior was lavish in typical Vanden Plas style, featuring burr walnut wood trim, leather seats and panels, and high-quality carpeting. A division between the driver and the rear compartment was an optional extra. Power was a 3-litre unit developing 108 hp (81 kW).
A Princess with automatic transmission was tested by the British magazine The Motor in 1961 and had a top speed of 99.3 mph (159.8 km/h) and could accelerate from 0-60 mph (97 km/h) in 16.1 seconds. A fuel consumption of 21.1 miles per imperial gallon (13.4 L/100 km; 17.6 mpg-US) was recorded. The test car cost 1467 including taxes.
This model was replaced in 1961 by the Vanden Plas Princess Mark II. Styling was similar but the wheelbase was two inches (5 cm) longer and anti-roll bars were added to the suspension at both ends of the car. The engine was uprated to 120 hp (89 kW). Better brakes were fitted, and interior improvements included built-in drop-down "picnic tables" for the rear seat passengers. Options now included "Smith's air-conditioning".
This model lasted until 1964.
Vanden-Plas Princess 3-litre
Rear view showing finned tail
Vanden Plas Princess 4-litre R
Vanden Plas Princess 4-Litre R
Production
1964-1968
6781 made
Engine(s)
3909 cc 6 cylinder overhead inlet side exhaust valve
In August 1964 the Vanden Plas Princess 4-litre R was announced. The biggest change was under the bonnet, where a new 4-litre Rolls-Royce straight-6 engine was fitted hence the "R" in the name. The 3,909 cc over-square Rolls-Royce engine was a short-stroke version of a Rolls-Royce engine similar to that used for certain military vehicles, and boosted claimed power output to 175 bhp "gross" which provided a considerable performance increase, accompanied by wider tyres, a much higher final drive ratio and the standard inclusion of the US built Borg-Warner Model 8 Automatic transmission.
The Princess 4-Litre R was presented at the London Motor Show in October 1964. Externally, the styling was more rounded and the tailfins replaced by small corner-ridges. This car was the only mass-produced civilian vehicle ever to use a Rolls-Royce engine. It grew from a project which had foreseen a need for a relatively compact, mass-produced Rolls Royce; prototypes were made using the Austin-engineered central portion of the Vanden Plas, with restyled Rolls Royce and Bentley panels front and rear; neither of these models made it into production, partly due to the introduction of the Rolls-Royce Silver Shadow.
The Vanden Plas Princess 4-litre R lasted for 4 years, killed off by BMC in 1968 (just ahead of the transition to British Leyland) after about 6,555 had been built.
Vanden-Plas Princess 4-litre "R"
Rear view showing horizontal lighting arrangement
Later badge-engineering
Two smaller BMC cars were given a Vanden Plas treatment and named as Vanden Plas Princesses, including an uprated Austin 1100 and Austin 1300, and their Mark II successors.
The final use of the "Princess" name was for the Princess 1800 / 2200 of 197578 and the Princess 2 1700 / 2000 / 2200 of 197881. This was not badged as an Austin on the home market (although it was badged as such in New Zealand), but was sometimes confused with one because for the first year of its life it was marketed (variously) as the Austin, Morris, and Wolseley 1822 Series. It was succeeded by the Austin Ambassador in 1982 and thus marked the end of the Princess, although Vanden Plas would continue as a model name in the Rover SD1 range.
References
^ a b c d e "The Austin A135 Princess Long-wheelbase Limousine Road Test". The Motor. July 29 1953.
^ a b c d e "The Vanden Plas 4-Litre Princess Limousine". The Motor. April 11 1962.
^ a b c d e f "The Vanden Plas Three-litre Princess". The Motor. April 5, 1961.
^ a b c d e f "Used Car Test: 1964 Vanden Plas Princess R". Autocar vol 128 nbr 3761: pages 50 - 51. March 14, 1968.
External links
Austin Memories
v d e
Automobiles made by BMC, BL and Rover Group companies, post-1945
Austin Austin-Healey British Leyland Jaguar Land Rover Leyland Mini MG Morris Princess Riley Rover MG Rover Triumph Vanden Plas Wolseley
Austin
A40 Cambridge Westminster A35 Mini Mini Moke 1100 / 1300 1800 / 2200 3-Litre Maxi Allegro Ambassador Mini Metro Maestro Montego Lancer Freeway Tasman Kimberley
Austin-Healey
100 3000 Sprite
Jaguar
XJ6 XJ12 XJS
Land Rover
Series I, II & III Defender Range Rover Discovery Freelander Range Rover Sport
Leyland
Mini Mini Moke Marina P76
MG
Magnette MGA MGB MGC Midget 1100/1300 Metro Maestro Montego RV8 MG F / MG TF MG ZR MG ZS MG ZT XPower SV
Mini
850 1000 1275GT Clubman Cooper Moke
Morris
Minor Oxford Cowley Mini Mini Moke 1100 / 1300 1800 / 2200 Marina Ital Marshal Major 1500 Nomad
Princess
1700 / 1800 / 2000 / 2200
Riley
Pathfinder 2.6 1.5 4/68 Elf Kestrel
Rover
P3 P4 P5 P6 P6 Estoura SD1 200 400 600 800 Metro/100 25 45 75 CityRover Streetwise
Triumph
Herald Spitfire Vitesse GT6 Stag TR2 TR3 TR4 TR4A TR5 TR6 TR7 TR8 Toledo 1300 1500 2000 2.5 & 2500 Dolomite Acclaim
Vanden Plas
Princess Limousine Princess 3-litre Princess 4-litre "R" 1100 / 1300 1500 / 1700
Wolseley
Ten 4/50 Eight 6/80 4/44 6/90 15/50 15/60 1500 16/60 6/99 6/110 Hornet 1100 / 1300 18/85 / Six 24/80
Categories: Austin vehicles | Vehicles introduced in 1947Hidden categories: Articles needing additional references from February 2008 | All articles needing additional references
The original A125 Austin Sheerline introduced in 1947 was assembled by Austin at their Longbridge factory. In addition to this, Vanden Plas in their North London works bodied a model based on the Sheerline which was sold as the Austin Princess. However, from August 1957 the "Austin" part of the badging was dropped, so although Austin was producing a Princess, it was no longer the Austin Princess by name. From May 1960 the Vanden Plas marque was applied in front of "Princess". Later, the Vanden Plas Princess was revived as a single model of the Leyland Princess range, built by British Leyland (BL) in the 1970s and initially sold through Austin and other dealerships; this car was never actually badged Austin Princess in the UK (though it was in some export markets) and is commonly referred to as simply the Princess.
Austin A135 - Sheerline-based Austin Princess
Austin A135 Princess Mark I, II & III
Manufacturer
Austin/BMC
Production
1947-1956
1910 made
Engine(s)
3995 cc 6 cylinder overhead-valve
Wheelbase
132 in (3,353 mm)(long wheel base)
Length
215 in (5,461 mm)(long wheel base)
Width
74 in (1,880 mm)
Height
70 in (1,778 mm)
The first Austin Princess was launched in 1947 as the most expensive flagship model in the Austin range. Based on the Austin Sheerline, the Princess (model code A135) featured a body by the coachbuilder Vanden Plas and was a fairly large saloon or limousine. Not a popular model with the general public, most Princesses (and Sheerlines, for that matter) were bought for civic ceremonial duties or by hire companies as limousines for hire.
The Princess model was updated over the years through Mark I, Mark II and Mark III versions, the variations being fairly minor: the bodywork didn't change much, nor did the 4-litre straight-6 engine. The radiator was fairly upright in old-fashioned style and the car had separate front wings.
During the life of this model (in 1952), Austin became part of the British Motor Corporation (BMC).
A long wheelbase version tested by The Motor magazine in 1953 had a top speed of 79 mph (127 km/h) and could accelerate from 0-60 mph (97 km/h) in 23.3 seconds. A fuel consumption of 15.1 miles per imperial gallon (18.7 L/100 km; 12.6 mpg-US) was recorded. The test car cost 2480 including taxes.
Austin A135
Princess conversion
Princess IV no longer badged as an Austin
Princess Mark IV
Production
1956-1968
200 made
Engine(s)
3995 cc 6 cylinder overhead-valve
Wheelbase
132 in (3,353 mm)(long wheel base)
Length
215 in (5,461 mm)(long wheel base)
Width
73 in (1,854 mm)
Height
70 in (1,778 mm)
1956 saw a new Princess Mk IV. This more modern styled car had more "integrated" front wings in the modern style, but was little changed under the skin. This model lasted until 1959; though subsequently the large, specialised limousine version continued to be built by hand in limited numbers as the Vanden Plas 4-Litre Princess Limousine, surviving until 1968. After this time, with many British marques by then being part of British Leyland, the Jaguar-based Daimler DS420 was the sole limousine offered as part of the new, slightly rationalised range. This had been foreseen in 1966 when British Motor Holdings (BMH) had brought BMC and Jaguar together, and stopped development at Vanden Plas of the potential successor car. The limousine was luxuriously appointed with lots of polished wood, optional Mohair rugs and radio with controls in the armrest. Among the long list of available extras were monograms and a flagstaff. The driving compartment was separated from the rear of the car by a division with an optional telephone for the passengers to communicate with the driver. The driving seat was finished in leather but the rear seats were trimmed in cloth, the usual arrangement on many luxury cars of the time. To increase seating capacity two occasional seats could be folded out of the floor.
The car had independent coil suspension at the front with semi elliptic leaf springs and anti roll bar at the rear. The cam and peg type steering gear had optional power assistance.
An automatic Limousine was tested by the British magazine The Motor in 1962 and had a top speed of 86.2 mph (138.7 km/h) and could accelerate from 0-60 mph (97 km/h) in 23.5 seconds. A fuel consumption of 15.8 miles per imperial gallon (17.9 L/100 km; 13.2 mpg-US) was recorded. The test car cost 3473 including taxes.
Pininfarina-designed Vanden Plas Princesses
Vanden Plas Princess
1965 Vanden Plas Princess.
Production
1959-1964
12,703 made
Body style(s)
4-door saloon
Engine(s)
2.9 L C-Series I6
Wheelbase
84 in (2134 mm)1959 - 1961
86 in (2184 mm) 1961 - 1964
Length
187.75 in (4769 mm)
Width
68.5 in (1740 mm)
Height
59 in (1499 mm)
In 1959 a new Austin A99 Westminster-based Princess was launched. These vehicles were soon changed to bear the Vanden Plas name which became a badge-engineered marque in its own right (rather than being known as coachbuilder for the cars of other marques). The car was smaller than the previous Princess and was largely identical to the Austin A99 Westminster and other models using the same Pininfarina-designed bodyshell. It featured a Vanden Plas grille (fairly square, with a thick surround and vertical slats), round headlamps, and horn grilles on the front. The interior was lavish in typical Vanden Plas style, featuring burr walnut wood trim, leather seats and panels, and high-quality carpeting. A division between the driver and the rear compartment was an optional extra. Power was a 3-litre unit developing 108 hp (81 kW).
A Princess with automatic transmission was tested by the British magazine The Motor in 1961 and had a top speed of 99.3 mph (159.8 km/h) and could accelerate from 0-60 mph (97 km/h) in 16.1 seconds. A fuel consumption of 21.1 miles per imperial gallon (13.4 L/100 km; 17.6 mpg-US) was recorded. The test car cost 1467 including taxes.
This model was replaced in 1961 by the Vanden Plas Princess Mark II. Styling was similar but the wheelbase was two inches (5 cm) longer and anti-roll bars were added to the suspension at both ends of the car. The engine was uprated to 120 hp (89 kW). Better brakes were fitted, and interior improvements included built-in drop-down "picnic tables" for the rear seat passengers. Options now included "Smith's air-conditioning".
This model lasted until 1964.
Vanden-Plas Princess 3-litre
Rear view showing finned tail
Vanden Plas Princess 4-litre R
Vanden Plas Princess 4-Litre R
Production
1964-1968
6781 made
Engine(s)
3909 cc 6 cylinder overhead inlet side exhaust valve
In August 1964 the Vanden Plas Princess 4-litre R was announced. The biggest change was under the bonnet, where a new 4-litre Rolls-Royce straight-6 engine was fitted hence the "R" in the name. The 3,909 cc over-square Rolls-Royce engine was a short-stroke version of a Rolls-Royce engine similar to that used for certain military vehicles, and boosted claimed power output to 175 bhp "gross" which provided a considerable performance increase, accompanied by wider tyres, a much higher final drive ratio and the standard inclusion of the US built Borg-Warner Model 8 Automatic transmission.
The Princess 4-Litre R was presented at the London Motor Show in October 1964. Externally, the styling was more rounded and the tailfins replaced by small corner-ridges. This car was the only mass-produced civilian vehicle ever to use a Rolls-Royce engine. It grew from a project which had foreseen a need for a relatively compact, mass-produced Rolls Royce; prototypes were made using the Austin-engineered central portion of the Vanden Plas, with restyled Rolls Royce and Bentley panels front and rear; neither of these models made it into production, partly due to the introduction of the Rolls-Royce Silver Shadow.
The Vanden Plas Princess 4-litre R lasted for 4 years, killed off by BMC in 1968 (just ahead of the transition to British Leyland) after about 6,555 had been built.
Vanden-Plas Princess 4-litre "R"
Rear view showing horizontal lighting arrangement
Later badge-engineering
Two smaller BMC cars were given a Vanden Plas treatment and named as Vanden Plas Princesses, including an uprated Austin 1100 and Austin 1300, and their Mark II successors.
The final use of the "Princess" name was for the Princess 1800 / 2200 of 197578 and the Princess 2 1700 / 2000 / 2200 of 197881. This was not badged as an Austin on the home market (although it was badged as such in New Zealand), but was sometimes confused with one because for the first year of its life it was marketed (variously) as the Austin, Morris, and Wolseley 1822 Series. It was succeeded by the Austin Ambassador in 1982 and thus marked the end of the Princess, although Vanden Plas would continue as a model name in the Rover SD1 range.
References
^ a b c d e "The Austin A135 Princess Long-wheelbase Limousine Road Test". The Motor. July 29 1953.
^ a b c d e "The Vanden Plas 4-Litre Princess Limousine". The Motor. April 11 1962.
^ a b c d e f "The Vanden Plas Three-litre Princess". The Motor. April 5, 1961.
^ a b c d e f "Used Car Test: 1964 Vanden Plas Princess R". Autocar vol 128 nbr 3761: pages 50 - 51. March 14, 1968.
External links
Austin Memories
v d e
Automobiles made by BMC, BL and Rover Group companies, post-1945
Austin Austin-Healey British Leyland Jaguar Land Rover Leyland Mini MG Morris Princess Riley Rover MG Rover Triumph Vanden Plas Wolseley
Austin
A40 Cambridge Westminster A35 Mini Mini Moke 1100 / 1300 1800 / 2200 3-Litre Maxi Allegro Ambassador Mini Metro Maestro Montego Lancer Freeway Tasman Kimberley
Austin-Healey
100 3000 Sprite
Jaguar
XJ6 XJ12 XJS
Land Rover
Series I, II & III Defender Range Rover Discovery Freelander Range Rover Sport
Leyland
Mini Mini Moke Marina P76
MG
Magnette MGA MGB MGC Midget 1100/1300 Metro Maestro Montego RV8 MG F / MG TF MG ZR MG ZS MG ZT XPower SV
Mini
850 1000 1275GT Clubman Cooper Moke
Morris
Minor Oxford Cowley Mini Mini Moke 1100 / 1300 1800 / 2200 Marina Ital Marshal Major 1500 Nomad
Princess
1700 / 1800 / 2000 / 2200
Riley
Pathfinder 2.6 1.5 4/68 Elf Kestrel
Rover
P3 P4 P5 P6 P6 Estoura SD1 200 400 600 800 Metro/100 25 45 75 CityRover Streetwise
Triumph
Herald Spitfire Vitesse GT6 Stag TR2 TR3 TR4 TR4A TR5 TR6 TR7 TR8 Toledo 1300 1500 2000 2.5 & 2500 Dolomite Acclaim
Vanden Plas
Princess Limousine Princess 3-litre Princess 4-litre "R" 1100 / 1300 1500 / 1700
Wolseley
Ten 4/50 Eight 6/80 4/44 6/90 15/50 15/60 1500 16/60 6/99 6/110 Hornet 1100 / 1300 18/85 / Six 24/80
Categories: Austin vehicles | Vehicles introduced in 1947Hidden categories: Articles needing additional references from February 2008 | All articles needing additional references
